The Company’s revenue is comprised of sales of cannabis products.

The Company’s revenue-generating activities have a single performance obligation and revenue is recognized at the point in time when control of the product transfers and the Company’s obligations have been fulfilled. This generally occurs when the product is shipped or delivered to the customer, depending upon the method of distribution and shipping terms set forth in the customer contract. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for the sale of the Company’s product.

Sales of products are for cash or otherwise agreed-upon credit terms. The Company’s payment terms vary by location and customer; however, the time period between when revenue is recognized and when payment is due is not significant.

Equipment is recorded at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the assets’ estimated useful lives, which are as follows:

Inventory is valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value, with cost determined using the weighted average cost method. Net realizable value is calculated as the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less any estimated costs to complete and sell the goods. Costs are capitalized to inventory, until substantially ready for sale. Costs include direct and indirect labor, raw

materials, consumables, packaging supplies, utilities, facility costs, quality and testing costs, production related depreciation, and other overhead costs.

Cost of goods sold (“COGS”) represents the direct costs attributable to the production of goods sold by the Company during the reporting period. These costs primarily include raw materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead incurred in the production process. Manufacturing overhead consists of indirect costs such as depreciation of production equipment, facility rent, utilities, and maintenance expenses allocated to production activities.

The Company values its inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined using the weighted average cost method. Costs are expensed to COGS as inventory is sold. Adjustments to inventory valuation, including write-downs for excess or obsolete inventory, are also included in COGS when applicable.

At the start of a contract containing a lease, the Company classifies leases other than short-term leases as either operating or finance leases, following the criteria outlined in ASU 2016-02 Leases. Lease classification is only reassessed when: (a) the contract is modified and not treated as a separate contract, or (b) there is a change in the lease term or a reassessment of whether the lessee is likely to exercise a purchase option for the underlying asset. The Company has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases with terms of 12 months or less.

For both finance and operating leases, right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are initially measured as the present value of future lease payments plus initial direct costs, discounted at the lease's implicit interest rate, or, if not available, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. 

Terms of convertible and other promissory notes are reviewed to determine whether they contain embedded derivative instruments that are required to be accounted for separately from the host contract and recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. The fair value of derivative instruments is required to be revalued at each reporting date, with corresponding changes in fair value recorded in the current period operating results. Derivative conversion feature arose due to the issuance of variably priced convertible notes. As at March 31, 2025, the Company had derivative conversion features valued at $517,613 (December 31, 2024 - $1,159,324).

The Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market, or foreign currency risk.

The functional currency and the reporting currency of the Company’s principal entity, CannaPharmaRx, Inc. is the USD. The functional currency of the Company’s Canadian operations is the CAD. Management adopted ASC 830 Foreign Currency Matters for transactions that occur in foreign currencies. Monetary assets denominated in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date. Average monthly rates are used to translate revenues and expenses.

Transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transaction. Exchange gains or losses arising from foreign currency transactions are included in the determination of net income for the respective periods.

Assets and liabilities of the Company’s operations are translated into USD, the reporting currency, at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet dates. Revenue and expenses are translated at average rates in effect during the reporting periods. Equity transactions are recorded at the historical rate when the transaction occurred. The resulting translation adjustment is reflected as accumulated other comprehensive income, a separate component of stockholders' deficit in the statement of stockholders' deficit.

As at March 31, 2025, the official exchange rate for translation of CAD to USD was 0.6956 (December 31, 2024 - 0.6950).

The Company's revenues from Canadian operations include applicable Goods and Services Tax (“GST”) or Harmonized Sales Tax (“HST”), depending on the province of sale. GST is a 5% consumption tax applied to taxable goods and services at the point of sale. In certain provinces, GST is combined with Provincial Sales Tax and referred to as HST. The tax is collected by vendors from consumers and subsequently remitted, net of eligible input tax credits, to the Canadian Revenue Agency, which distributes the applicable portions to the respective provinces.

The Company has adopted ASC Topic 718 Compensation - Stock Compensation, which establishes a fair value method of accounting for stock-based compensation plans. In accordance with guidance now incorporated in ASC Topic 718, the fair value of stock options and warrants issued to employees and non-employees is measured on the grant date based on the fair value. The fair value is determined using an option pricing model. The resulting amount is charged to expense on a straight-line basis over the period in which the Company expects to receive the benefit, which is generally the vesting period. The fair value of share purchase warrants was determined at the date of grant using an option pricing model. The option pricing model requires management to make various estimates and assumptions, including expected term, expected volatility, risk-free rate, and dividend yield. The Company had no stock options outstanding as at March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

The Company evaluates the recoverability of its long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances have indicated that an asset may not be recoverable. The long-lived asset is grouped with other assets at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities. If the sum of the projected undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying value of the assets, the assets are written down to the estimated fair value.

The Company groups its financial assets and financial liabilities generally measured at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded, and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value.

The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

The Company’s financial instruments comprise of cash, accounts receivable, investments, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, accrued interest, notes payable, convertible notes, derivative conversion feature, loan payable - related party, liability for right-of-use building and obligation to issue shares.

The Company measures the fair value of its convertible notes, derivative conversion feature and obligation to issue shares based on Level 2 hierarchy.

There are no other financial assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis presented on the Company’s balance sheet. As of March 31, 2025, the carrying values of the Company’s financial instruments approximate their fair values.

The estimated fair value for financial instruments was determined at discrete points in time based on relevant market information. These estimates involve uncertainties and could not be determined with exact precision. The fair value of the Company’s financial instruments, which include cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, accrued interest, notes payable, loans payable - related party and liability for right-of-use building, each approximate their carrying value due either to their short length to maturity or interest rates that approximate prevailing market rates.

The Company accounts for income taxes under the liability method, which requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statements and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse.The Company does not recognize any deferred taxes as it does not anticipate taxable income in the foreseeable future.

Loss per share is presented in accordance with Accounting Standards Update, Earnings per Share (Topic 260), which requires the presentation of both basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) on the income statements.

Basic EPS excludes any dilutive effects of options, warrants, and convertible securities but does include the restricted shares of common stock issued. Basic EPS calculations are determined by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the year.

Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that would occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted to common stock. Diluted EPS calculations are determined by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding. Diluted EPS excludes all potential dilutive common shares if their effect is anti-dilutive. As at March 31, 2025 there were 629,416 (December 31, 2024 - 629,416) convertible preferred stock outstanding and 39,924,940 (2024 - 39,924,940) warrants outstanding. The Company’s convertible notes were all excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS on the basis that they were anti-dilutive.

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-07 (“ASU 2023-07”), Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, requiring public entities to disclose information about their reportable segments’ significant expenses and other segment items on an interim and annual basis. Public entities with a single reportable segment are required to apply the disclosure requirements in ASU 2023-07, as well as all existing segment disclosures and reconciliation requirements in ASC Topic 280 on an interim and annual basis. The Company adopted ASU 2023-07 during the year ended December 31, 2024. See Note 17 in the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements for further detail.

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-09 (“ASU 2023-09”), Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, requiring entities to disclose more detailed information about income tax expense (benefit), significant components of income tax expense (benefit), separate disclosure of income tax expense (benefit) for domestic and foreign jurisdictions and by major jurisdictions. The Company adopted ASU 2023-09 as of January 1, 2025.

The Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect and that may impact its financial statements and does not believe that there are any other new pronouncements that have been issued that might have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.

In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update 2024-03 (“ASU 2024-03”), Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosure (Subtopic 220-40): update required disclosure of specified information about certain costs and expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026. The Company has not early adopted this standard.